Dot •

“When a dot enters space, it establishes an immediate relationship with the space;
the proportion of the dot to its surrounding area is the most important consideration; second is its relative position to the edges of the space.”

…

“Introducing a second dot shifts the attention away from the relationship of the space to the interaction of the dots. They refer to each other and imply a structure-an invisible connecting path that splits space apart.

As the dots approach each other, the tension between them increases. ”

From Design Elements a Graphic Style Manual, Timothy Samara